Improvement in attaching hooks and eyes to cards



THOMAS B. DE FOREST, OF BIRMINGHAM, CONNECTICUT..

IMPROVEMENT IN ATTACHING Specification forming part of Letters PatentNo. July 3,

To all whom t may concern,.-

Be it known that I, T. B. DE FOREST, of Birmingham, of' county of Derby,in the State of Connecticut, have invented anew Method of Putting Hooksand Eyes in Cards or Papers; and I do hereby declare that the followingis a full and exact description thereof, reference being had to theaccompanying drawings, making part of' :his application.

My invention relates to amethod of putting up the hooks and eyes for themarket on cards or papers without any sewing or fastening contrivance;and my invention has for its objects a method of putting up the hooksand eyes which shall involve less labor and time, which shall be inevery Way more economical than any method now followed, which shallinvolve a more durable and permanent attachment of the hooks and eyes tothe card or paper, while at the same time the former may be more readilydetached from the latter for use.

In .order that those skilled in the art to which my invention relatesmay fully under'- stand my said invention, I will fully describe it,referring by letters to the accompanying drawings, forming part of thisspecification, and in which- Figure l is a plan view of one of' my cardsor papers ofhooks and eyes. Fig. 2 is a crosssection at the line a: x ofFig. 1. Fig. 3 is a plan View of another modification of' myinvention.Fig. 4 is a cross-section at the line y y of Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a partialperspective view of' another modication `of my invention, and Fig. 6 isa cross-section at the line z z of' Fig. 5. In these several figures theparts which are common to the several modifications are indicated by thesame letter of' reference. Figs. 7 and 8 (marked Diagram) areillustrations which do not embrace my invention, and which will beparticularly alluded to separately hereinafter.

A is the card or paper to which the hooks and eyes are attached. a arethe hooks, and b the eyes, which may be of' any of' the sizes andpatterns in use or known.

Myinvention consists in attaching the hooks along the edge or edges of'a card, paper, or equivalent without any looping or sewing,substantially as hereinafter described and my invention further consistsin hanging the HOOKS AND EYES'TO CARDS.

39,893, dated September 15, 1863;' antedated 1862'. Y

eyes in the hooks when the hooks are fastened `on the edge of a card, orits equivalent, substantially as hereinafter described.

In Figs. 1 and 2 the card or paper A is of sulcient width to accommodatethe arrangement of hooks a, (shown,) and has formed during its entirelength four ribs, (marked 3 4, 3 4.) If only one edge of the card wasused, only one set, 3 4, of' said ribs would be used. These ribs Ipropose to form on the strips of card or paper by means of dies orrolls, or in any manner found most convenient.

The strip of' card or paper, or papier-mache, or other materiahmay be ofany desired length and proportion and have attached to it any givennumber of hooks and eyes.

In the ribs 3 4 there are lormed, at convenient distances apart, sets ofdepressions l 2,

l 2, &c.,.down even with the main surface of` card A, and of a widthequal to the width of' the shank 5y of the hooks-a.

The drawings, at Figs. l and 2, show clearly the relative positions of'the hooks, eyes, and card A. The eyes `I) are first placed inthe beakofthe ho| k a, in position in which they appear, and the operator then,holding hook and eye in the right hand and the card or paper A in thelefthand, slides the beak of the hook over the edge of card A, (see a.7, Fig. 2,) and then presses the shank a down into `the recesses 1 2,the Fig. 8 portion, or back of' shank, locking over and behind the rib4, as clearly-seen inthe drawings. It will be observed `that the eye isfirst slipped into the hooks beak and the hook then placed on the cardA, as just described. This operation of putting on the hook can, it willbe observed, be performed very rapidly, since th re is no looping orweaving, as it were, of

the hook through holes, as occurs in all other methods heretoforeemployed, not embracing a thread or securing device. When the hooks andeyes are to be used, they are 'eadilypulled off of the card, taking thecard in one hand and grasping the eye and hook'wilh the other hand.

1n the modification shown at Figs. 3 and 4 the hooks and eyes are puttogether first and then placed on the edge of the card A, in about thesame manner as just described of Figs. l and 2, but in Figs. 3, 4 thecard A is cast, pressed, or otherwise formed of paper or other suitablematerial, with cavities or recesses c, of the shape shown, instead ofhaving ribs and recesses, as shown in Figs. l, 2. The cavities c are soshaped as to leave the stock in a proper form to sustain the hooksshanks laterally, and allow their back portion to lock' over the points8, which latter are made so slight as to easily break out when the hooksare pulled from the card for use.

The drawings s how this modification of my invention so clearly thatfurther. explanation is needless.

InV the modification illustrated at Figs. 5 and 6 the card Ahas only asingle rib, 4, formed in it, instead of two, as seen in Figs. l and 2,while the card A is shown as if thin on the edge with an auxiliarystrip, i, placed along to makeup sufficient thickness to properly tillthe beak of the hook. This piece fi `may be fastened to A, or slid in aseach hook -is laid on edge of A.

It has been customary previous to my invention to attach the hooks andeyes to a paper without sewing, butin all cases it has been necessary tointroduce the hook or eye, orboth, through perforations in the papermanoperation requiring much time and practice, Vvand the hooks and eyeswhen thus secured to the vcard cannot be very readily released, as theymust be either eXtricated through the perforation or the paper torn out.

In Figs. 7, 8, diagram, A is the paper, and a b are the hooks, and edthe eyes. This diagram shows two ot' the best methods known previous tomy invention. For one methodthat for the hooks and eyes a and c-thepaper A is perforated at 1 and 2, as shown, with a lmgitudinal crimp orcrease raised in the paper along the line x The hook a (its beak) ispassed down through the perforation 1 and then through perforation 2,the crimp along the line rt' .r coming' in contact with the tip of thebeak at 3. The eye c is then passed i-nto position seen, where it isretained in the beak of the hook by the crimp of the paper at a. For theother method shown in this diagramandthe one most used now, I believethepaper A is perforated and crimped inthe same manner as for the firstmethod, with the addi tion of a slit or slot at e, through which the eyed is passed, as shown. This latter method has been found an improvementon the iirst and 'patented as such,ithaving been found in practice thatthe iirst method was imperfect because of the liabilityof the eyes ctobecome detached from the hooks a.

It will be observed that in my method of putting up the hooks and eyes,although the eye is suspended or h ung in 'the beak of the hookv only,the latter is so arranged on the card or paper that the eye cannotescape until the hook shall have been completely detached or disengagedfrom the card; and it will also be seen that while this is the case, andthe hook only has to be attached to the card, the attachment orconnection is performed without any passing of the hook or any part ofit through perforations, which is a great desideratum, since themanipulation can be so much more rapidly gone through with when the hookhas not to be passed through holes or interwoven.

I may remark that itis propos-ed (to save time-and labor in carding orputting up hooks 'and eyes) to employ machinery for linking the hooksand eyes together and prese'ntingthem to the hand of the operative inthis condition, ready to be grasped between the thumb and foretinger'andstuck onto the card A, according to my patent or invention.

According to any of the other methods of putting the hooks on the paperused previous to mine it would be impractical to employ machinery forany portion of the manipulation.

1t is probable th at with my improved method hooks and eyes can becarded or put up for 1r rly one-half less than the present cost yof`this part of the manufacturers business.

Having explained the nature and objects of my invention and itspractical working, and wishing to be understood as not limiting myselfin carrying out my invention to any particular mode or to any form orproportion of card or materiahso long as the method involvedis adheredto, what I claim as my invention, and desire `to secure by LettersPatent, is

.The method of attaching the hooks to the card or paper, substantiallyas hereinbefore described-that is, by passing the beak'a-nd shankastridethecard and pressingthe eyes of the hook into recesses or overledges, substantially as set forth.

In testimonyy whereof I haveV hereunto set my hand this 4th day ofOctober, 1861.

Witnesses: THOMAS B. DE FOREST.

J. N. MCINTIRE, EDM. F. BROWN.

